Cracking Wpa Psk With Aircrackng

How To: Emulate Cisco ASA in GNS3

In this article, I will show you how to emulate Cisco ASA using Qemu. Once again, please note that ASA is not provided and will not be. So please don’t ask. Also be aware that ASA does not 100% work in Qemu but that’s enough to play with it.

Installation
First compile and patch Qemu as you would do for running JunOS. This will give us pcap, lcap and UDP tunnels (i.e. GNS3/Dynamips connections) capabilities.
Then obtain ASA itself. If you are smart and patient you will find it. I used asa802-k8.bin for my installations. As far as I know, nobody has been able to run ASA > version 8.2 (ASA keeps rebooting).
The next step is to get an initrd and a Linux kernel (inside the initrd) from your ASA image to use them with Qemu and also fix the initrd for our needs. The initrd is zipped and archived in the ASA image, we have to extract it.
There are 2 ways, manually or using a tool I created.

Manual method

Create an hexadecimal dump of your image:

hexdump -C asa802-k8.bin > asa802-k8.hex

Search for the ZIP header:

grep “1f 8b 08 00 1d” asa802-k8.hex 001228b0 1f 8b 08 00 1d 3d 73 46 00 03 ec 3a 6d 54 14 57 |…..=sF…:mT.W|

We can see that the ZIP file starts at offset 1228b0.

Let’s find the image size:

ls -la asa802-k8.bin -rwxr-xr-x  1 root  staff  14524416 26 Nov 20:14 asa802-k8.bin 14524416 bytes.

Now we need to find out where in the file we can start extracting the ZIP part.

echo "14524416 ; ibase=16 ; last - 1228B0" | bc | tail -n 1 13334352

Extract the zipped part of the ASA image:

tail -c 13334352 asa802-k8.bin > asa802-k8.gz

Decompress it with gzip:

gzip -d asa802-k8 gzip: asa802-k8.gz: decompression OK, trailing garbage ignored

Make a temp directory and go into it so we can extract the files contained in the uncompressed archive file (the initrd):

mkdir tmp ; cd tmp

Now extract the archive with cpio (you must have the administrator rights to successfully extract device files).

cpio -i --no-absolute-filenames --make-directories < ../asa802-k8

Copy the Linux kernel to your previous directory:

cp vmlinuz ../asa802-k8.kernel

Before compressing back the initrd, create the following script in asa/scripts/first_start.sh
This script formats the 256 MB flash on first start to be used by ASA. Loads the network drivers modules for Intel e100 (i82559er in Qemu) and Intel e1000 cards and activates the network interfaces to be used in ASA. I noticed that if we immediately start ASA after this first boot, it freezes (don’t really know why but it seems the system do something and slow down during the first minute …). The next time you start the system, the script will still load the activate the network interfaces and automatically start ASA.

#!/bin/sh   ## ## Author: Jeremy Grossmann (2009) ## Contributor: J. Pedro Flor (28 january 2010) ##   FIRST_START=no if test ! -e /mnt/disk0/lina_monitor then cd /asa/scripts/ echo "d" > /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "o" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "n" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "p" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "1" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "1" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo ""  >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "t" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "4" >> /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in echo "w" >>/asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in   echo "" echo -n "Initializing partition..." /sbin/fdisk /dev/hda < /asa/scripts/fdisk.pf.in > /dev/null 2> /dev/null echo "done"   echo "" echo -n "Formating and mounting partition..." mkdosfs -F 16 /dev/hda1 > /dev/null 2> /dev/null mount -t vfat -o umask=0000,noatime,check=s,shortname=mixed /dev/hda1 /mnt/disk0 > /dev/null 2> /dev/null echo "done" echo ""   cp /asa/bin/lina /mnt/disk0/lina cp /asa/bin/lina_monitor /mnt/disk0/lina_monitor FIRST_START=yes fi   # load drivers modprobe e100 modprobe e1000 ifconfig eth0 up ifconfig eth1 up ifconfig eth2 up ifconfig eth3 up ifconfig eth4 up ifconfig eth5 up   if test $FIRST_START = yes then echo "" echo "          Cisco ASA with Multiple Security Contexts" echo "          ==============================================" echo "" echo "This is your first boot, please wait about 2 minutes for 'disk0' creation" echo "and then execute the following commands inside the Linux prompt:" echo "" echo " # cd /mnt/disk0" echo " # /mnt/disk0/lina_monitor" echo "" echo "" echo "" echo "Please note to use the following command under ASA to save your configs:" echo "" echo " ciscoasa(config)# boot config disk0:/.private/startup-config" echo " ciscoasa(config)# copy running-config disk0:/.private/startup-config" echo "" echo "" echo "" echo "To get webvpn working, execute the following commands:" echo "" echo " ciscoasa# mkdir disk0:/var" echo " ciscoasa# mkdir disk0:/var/log" echo " ciscoasa# mkdir disk0:/csco_config" echo " ciscoasa# mkdir disk0:/csco_config/97" echo " ciscoasa# mkdir disk0:/csco_config/97/webcontent" echo "" echo "          ( Powered by Pedro Flor )" echo "          ( pedro.flor@gmail.com  )" echo "" exit fi   echo "" echo "" echo "Starting Cisco ASA with Multiple Security Contexts..." echo ""   cd /mnt/disk0 /mnt/disk0/lina_monitor

In order for the script to be loaded at startup, edit etc/init.d/rcS and change /asa/bin/lina_monitor by /asa/scripts/first_start.sh

Change first_start.sh permissions:

chmod 755 first_start.sh

Now you can compress all the file and have the initrd ready to use in Qemu:

find . | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -9 > ../asa802-k8.initrd.gz

Automated extraction method

TODO

Using ASA with Qemu

Create a FLASH (this is a virtual hard disk).

qemu-img create FLASH 256M

Then you can start Qemu.

qemu -hda FLASH -kernel asa802-k8.kernel -hdachs 980,16,32 \ -initrd asa802-k8.initrd.gz -m 512 -no-kqemu -nographic -append \ "console=ttyS0,9600n8 hda=980,16,32 bigphysarea=16384 auto nousb ide1=noprobe"

TODO: networking of ASA. Very similar with JunOS emulation.

Using ASA with GNS3

To be completed:

In Preferences -> Qemu -> Qemuwrapper section:

Set the path to Qemuwrapper (can be found in the GNS3 package)

Set the working directory (e.g. /tmp).

Set the path to your patched Qemu in “Path to Qemu”

In ASA section:

Set the paths to your initrd and kernel.

Drag and Drop an ASA symbol on the scene, start the firewall and telnet to it.

How To: Use MRTG with GNS3

What is MRTG?

• MRTG is opensource program which gets traffic statistics from devices using SNMP and builds graphs like this:

Installing MRTG

• Download MRTG from http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/ and follow installing instructions to install MRTG

Setup virtual topology

In this case we wan’t to make most simple example so we are using only one router:

•  Install Ms loopback adapter to your Windows machine and configured IP-address 10.10.10.1/24 for it.

• Configure router:

hostname R0

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

!

!

!

snmp-server community mycommunity RO

Verify that ping goes from your local computer to emulated router R0

Configure and run MRTG

• Follow MRTG guide: http://oss.oetiker.ch/mrtg/doc/mrtg-nt-guide.en.html

• After you have configured MRTG with command:

perl cfgmaker mycommunity@10.10.10.2 –global “WorkDir: c:\www\mrtg” –output mrtg.cfg

• Run MRTG with command:

perl mrtg mrtg.cfg

Every time when you run MRTG it will get data from the router and save it. You can run MRTG manually every 5 minutes or configure this to happen automatically. To do this follow MRTGinstructions. When you have done this MRTG starts to build graph for you.

Remote VPN To Netscreen Device - [XAuth with Cisco ACS RADIUS]

NetScreen has implemented XAuth to allow another layer of authentication for VPN between a Remote Client and a Netscreen VPN Device. This negotiation takes please after the first phase of the IPSEC. You may verify authentication to the Netscreen Device’s local authentication database, radius, Secure ID, and LDAP server. You may as before use groups to combine the dial-up users or use individual dial-up users.You cannot use the group function if you are using Secure-ID or a LDAP server.

Use Funk RADIUS server to support such NetScreen-specific attributes as admin privileges, user groups, and remote L2TP and XAuth IP address, and DNS and WINS server address assignments, you must load the Funk dictionary file (netscreen.dct) that defines these attributes onto the RADIUS server. If using Cisco ACS Radius, load the Cisco dictionary file (NSRadDef2.ini). A dictionary file defines vendor-specific attributes (VSAs) that you can load onto a RADIUS server. Afterdefining values for these VSAs, NetScreen can then query them when a user logs in to the NetScreendevice. NetScreen VSAs include admin privileges, user groups, and remote L2TP and XAuth IP address, and DNS and WINS server address assignments.

 

I was facing the issue to authenticate Remote VPN on Netscreen thru Cisco ACS, and was finally able to work in the right direction after viewing this post https://supportforums.cisco.com/thread/215823